Development of anther and sectile pollinium in Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk-a massulate orchid

Abstract The role of anther characteristics in orchid taxonomy, cladistic analysis, and understanding the development evolution various traits is significant. Therefore, Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk was selected for study due to lack information about these characteristics. In this taxon, primordium developed two thecae directed towards lateral side, which produced wedge-shaped, rectangular or triangular massulae through repeated mitotic divisions archesporial cells. wall from outer secondary parietal layer inner layer, made up epidermis, endothecium, a middle tapetum. Each theca had central septum that divided it into microsporangia. Tapetum dual origin observed. Cytokinesis isobilateral, tetrahedral, linear, T-shaped decussate types microspore tetrads. smaller lenticular generative cell larger spherical vegetative cell, were formed by division nucleus. Additionally, endothecium ring-shaped fibrous thickenings. Massulae locules united reticulum bipartite sectile pollinium.